1921–2021: A Century of Renewable Ammonia Synthesis

Synthetic ammonia, manufactured by the Haber–Bosch process and its variants, is key to securing global food security. Hydrogen most important feedstock for all synthetic ammonia processes. Renewable production relies on hydrogen generated water electrolysis using electricity from hydropower. This was used commercially as early 1921. In present work, we discuss how renewable subsequently emerged in those countries endowed with abundant hydropower, particular regions limited or no oil, gas, coal deposits. Thus, played an role national security without fossil fuel resources until after mid-20th century. For economic reasons, declined 1960s onward favor of fossil-based production. However, has recently gained traction again energy vector. It component rapidly emerging economy. will probably play a significant maintaining during 21st